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Advanced PWA Performance Topic 15: PWA Performance Best Practices

1. Introduction

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) are designed to deliver a native app-like experience while being accessible via the web. Performance is critical for user satisfaction, engagement, and SEO. This lesson outlines advanced performance best practices for PWAs.

2. Performance Metrics

Understanding how to measure performance is essential. Key metrics to consider include:

  • First Contentful Paint (FCP)
  • Time to Interactive (TTI)
  • Speed Index
  • Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)
  • Time to First Byte (TTFB)

3. Best Practices

3.1 Optimize Images

Use formats like WebP or AVIF for better compression without quality loss. Implement lazy loading to defer offscreen images.


            <img src="image.webp" loading="lazy" alt="Description">
            

3.2 Minimize Critical Resources

Minimize the size of critical CSS and JavaScript. Inline critical CSS to reduce render-blocking resources.


            <style>
            body { margin: 0; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; }
            </style>
            

3.3 Utilize Service Workers

Service Workers can cache assets efficiently, reducing load times for repeat visits.


            // Registering a Service Worker
            if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
                window.addEventListener('load', () => {
                    navigator.serviceWorker.register('/sw.js').then((registration) => {
                        console.log('ServiceWorker registration successful with scope: ', registration.scope);
                    }).catch((error) => {
                        console.log('ServiceWorker registration failed: ', error);
                    });
                });
            }
            

3.4 Implement Responsive Design

Ensure your PWA looks great on all devices to improve user engagement. Use media queries and flexible layouts.


            @media (max-width: 600px) {
                body {
                    background-color: lightblue;
                }
            }
            

3.5 Monitor Performance

Regularly monitor your PWA's performance using tools like Google Lighthouse.


            // Run Lighthouse as a CLI command
            lighthouse https://your-pwa-url.com --output html --output-path ./report.html
            

4. FAQ

What is a PWA?

A Progressive Web App is a type of application software delivered through the web, built using common web technologies including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

How can I improve my PWA's performance?

Optimize images, minimize critical resources, use Service Workers for caching, implement responsive designs, and continuously monitor performance metrics.

What tools can I use to measure PWA performance?

Tools such as Google Lighthouse, WebPageTest, and GTmetrix can be used to analyze and improve performance.